Inscription with information on Hospital Networks in ancient Cambodia.
Say Fong inscription of Jayavarman VII
Say Fong inscription of Jayavarman VII by CLAUDE JACQUES in Buddhism and Medicine (2017).
- Homage to the Buddha, with his body of transformation, essence and beatitude, who, going beyond the duality of being and non-being, and having for “self'” non-duality, is “without self”.
- I give homage to the Buddha, this king who has the brilliance of beryl, the guru of healing, from whom, on only hearing his name, we find peace and health.
- Let Bodhisattva Sunlight, with violent radiance, and Bodhisattva of Moonlight…who dispel the darkness of illness, be victors with this Meru mountain who is the king of the sages.
- There was a king Jayavarman, son of Dharaṇīndravarman, who was born the sovereign-queen of the city ofJayāditya and who attained royalty in 1182-3 CE.
- The lotus at his feet had as a garland the heads of all the Chams; after destroying all his enemies in combat, he took the Earth as his bride, adorning her with the jewels of his virtue and the necklace of his renown.
- Always joyfully adding more water on the occasions of his liberality, he was rich from the riches that were dear to him in that they allowed him to increase his generosity; through his sacrifices and through his battles, he distressed the gods and the wives of his enemies; although resembling Krishna, he was of white colour.
- After neglecting Lakshmi who, difficult of access and solicited by kings, came to him herself, he played with Renown, who flees to the horizon: oh how inexplicable is sensuous taste!
- After looking at him in spite of their husbands having been conquered by his power, and as if they had understood that god of love had been conquered by his beauty, abandoning their sorrow, the wives of the enemy prisoners fully lived up to their name.
- Because, during this final age, the people were heading for a destruction like the universal Destruction, by the diminution of life and the good, this god of procreation, as though we were in the first world age, brought about the resurrection of the whole Bull.
- The earth, which with riches he turned into a heaven, realised that she had been defiled by death, and so for the immortality of mortals, he prescribed the ambrosia of remedies.
- Having turned the … last world age [i.e. the present] into the first, the accomplished [king] restored the limbs of the Bull whose legs were broken by the evil of the first three eras, and which could not be cured by those doctors, the other kings.
- Having defeated the bulls, masters of the earth, he easily pushed into the enclosure of the three worlds, bellowing loudly, the Bull he had so well nourished.
- The suffering of men’s bodies became for him the suffering of the soul, which is much more; for the grief of kings is the suffering of their subjects, and not their own.
- Thanks to these doctor-heroes, learned in the science of arms—the Āyurveda—he destroyed the enemy-maladies that tormented his subjects, with his weapon-remedies.
- By purifying with all means the ills of all, he could not fully cure all the maladies that arose from that time.
- Whenever he founded a hospital, he erected a Buddha of healing, accompanied by the two sons of the Buddha, to permanently assuage the suffering of his subjects.
- He founded here this hospital with a sanctuary of the Buddha of healing, in 1186/7 CE
- Here too, he installed these two destroyers of illness, the Venerable Sūryavairocana and Candravairocana, sons of the Buddha.
- Here the four castes must be cared for; there are two doctors of the state, sixteen men and twelve women to distribute the remedies.
- There are two storekeepers charged with distribution of the remedies, the paddy and the wood from those who wish to give
- There are also two cooks responsible for distributing food, fuel and water, and for collecting flowers and the darbha herb, and for cleaning the sanctuary
- There are two sacrificers who distribute offering plates,… then two (men) to gather up the remedies, the fuel and food
- Then there are fourteen men who guard the hospital and hand out the cures; in all, twenty-two
- These each have a man and a woman as assistants; there are in addition six women to heat water and grind medicines
- Plus two to pound paddy, making eight women; each of whom has two girl assistants.
- They are all together thirty-two servants; in all, including the assistants, this makes ninety-eight (people).
- The daily quota of white rice to be used for venerating the gods is one droṇa; the leftovers from the daily ritual offering are for the daily ritual offer are for sick.
- In addition, here are the things that are to be taken three times a year from the storehouses of the king: at the full moon, during the memorial day and the summer solstice.
- A dress with a red border, six white articles of clothing,… and the same amount of eagle wood;
- [to -37]. a quantity of wax honey and sesame; and ghee. Here follow the remedies [local names]; [Other local substances] with camphor and sugar; From the creatures of the sea five are prescribed; [Quantities of other local medical herbs in exact quantities]; [More details of local remedies]. The bark of [specific local trees] …are prescribed; then three weights of honey and molasses;
- There are two priests and an accountant in this (hospital); the three support the pious work and are nominated by thesuperior of the holy monastery of the king.
- Here is what is prescribed annually for each of them: twelve sets of ten cubit clothing;
- fifteen other clothing items of nine cubits; and, we recall, three vases of tin
- white rice must also be given; plus wax and eagle wood.
- Though he walks at the head of the benefactors, the king, preoccupied with the needs of his subjects, makes himself a beggar; far more, this is the petition that he has always addressed to these generous lions who are the kings of Kambuja [i.e., Cambodia]:
- “This great work that I have created, you should protect it; it is yours. Indeed, ‘he who protects it shares in the highest degree the fruit of he who does this pious work,’ thus said the ancients.”
- These places are conferred to the charge of the minister who is responsible for managing the capital. His servants should not be used for other works, or for paying tribute.
- Even if they have committed crimes, the men who enter here should not be punished; but those must be punished without mercy who, residing here, take pleasure in harming other beings.
- Excessively thirsting for the good of the world, this king expresses the vow: “All who are plunged into the ocean of existence, may I deliver with this good work!
- The kings of Kambuja who, devoted to health, will protect this foundation, which is mine, let them attain, with their family, their harem, their ministers, their friends the city of Deliverance, where no illness exists!
- May they play among the diverse groups of celestial women, full of voluptuousness, clothed with a celestial body, exciting with their splendor the sons of [the Brahmanical gods] Danu and Diti in the heavens, those, who having made it solid and utterly unshakeable thanks to their protection, will extend a ladder for mounting to heaven through the meritorious act of not breaking this, my work.
Other versions
1. Hommage au Buddha, qui a les formes de la matière, de la nature et de l'esprit (d), qui dépasse la dualité de l'être et du non-être, qui personnifie la non-dualité, étant toutefois impersonnel.
2. Je m'incline devant le Jina Bhaiṣajyaguruvaiḍūryaprabharâja, qui donne la paix et la santé à ceux qui entendent seulement son nom.
3. Çrī Sūryavairocanacaṇḍarocis, Çrī Candravairocanarohiṇīça, qui tous deux écartent des créatures les ténèbres de la maladie, reconnaissent! a supériorité de ce Meru des saints.
4. Il était un roi, Çrī Jayavarmadeva, fils de Çrī Dharaṇīndravarmadeva, né d'une princesse de Jayâdityapura: il acquit la royauté par l'onde unique [que verse] le ciel Veda.
5. Ses pieds étaient une couronne de lotus sur la tète de tous les princes; il repoussait ses ennemis dans les combats; riche en joyaux, qui étaient des vertus, il prit pour femme la Terre et lui donna pour collier sa Gloire.
6. Augmentant avec une joie constante le flot des libéralités, riche d'une prospérité favorisée d'un succès toujours renouvelé, obscurcissant par des combats d'extermination l'éclat des ennemis des dieux, il était semblable à Kṛṣṇa, malgré la blancheur de son teint.
7. Après avoir vu la capricieuse Lakṣmī (la Fortune), que courtisent les rois, venir d'elle-même à lui, il réjouissait la volage Kīrti (la Gloire) à tous les points de l'espace : miraculeux éclat de son énergie!
8. Sentant à sa vue, — en dépit de leurs époux vaincus par sa majesté, — leur amour vaincu par sa grâce, oubliant leur chagrin, les femmes des ennemis captifs proclamaient, avec intention, leurs noms.
9. Le bien, principe de la vie, s'épuise, et le monde se meurt au dernier yuga: ainsi se mourait son peuple; mais, tel que Prajāpati au début des temps nouveaux, il créa une renaissance prospère, où le Taureau était complet.
10. Voyant que la terre, dont sa sagesse avait fait le ciel, était opprimée par la mort, il indiqua l'ambroisie des remèdes pour l'immortalité des mortels.
11. Faisant, par son adresse, de l’âge Kali l’âge Kṛta, il rendit l'intégrité de ses membres au Taureau, dont les médecins du royaume n'eussent pu guérir les pieds mutilés par trois yuga.
12. Victorieux du Taureau des autres rois, allant à sa fantaisie dans le parc univers, le Taureau, qu'il a rendu fort, prospère et pousse de profonds mugissements.
13. Il souffrait des maladies de ses sujets plus que des siennes : car c'est la douleur publique qui fait la douleur des rois, et non leur propre douleur.
14. Par des guerriers — les médecins — versés dans la science des armes —la médecine — il détruisait les ennemis qui infestaient son royaume — les maladies — au moyen de ces armes : les remèdes.
15. Excusant entièrement les fautes de tous par la faute du temps, il effarait les fautes des maladies.
16. Il érigea le Sugata Bhaiṣajya avec un hôpital à. l'entour et les deux Fils du Jina, pour le soulagement perpétuel des maladies de ses sujets.
17. Il établit ici cet hôpital avec un temple du Sugata et un Sugata Bhaiṣajya, par le cœur, lune, de son corps, ciel.
18. Il érigea de même ici ces deux guérisseurs des malades, les vénérables Sūrya- et Candravairocana etc., fils du Jina.
19. Les quatre castes peuvent être soignées ici. Il y a deux médecins ; pour chacun d'eux, un homme et deux femmes, ayant droit au logement.
20. Deux magasiniers chargés de la distribution des remèdes, recevant les mesures de riz et préposés à ceux qui y participent.
21. Deux cuisiniers, ayant droit au combustible et à l'eau, chargés d'enlever les fleurs et le gazon, et de nettoyer le temple.
22. Deux yajñahārin, chargés de faire les feuilles, de donner les feuilles et les baguettes, ayant droit aux remèdes et au combustible.
23. Quatorze gardiens de l'hôpital, chargés d'administrer les remèdes.
24. De ceux-ci, un homme...
25. Deux pileuses de riz ; au total, huit femmes, ayant droit au logement, à raison de deux par logis.
26. Le nombre total des assistants est donc de trente-deux et, en y ajoutant ceux qui se logent à leurs frais, de quatre-vingt-dix-huit.
27. Le riz faisant partie de l’oblation aux divinités [fixé à] un boisseau par jour [et] les reliefs des sacrifices seront donnés quotidiennement aux malades.
28. Trois fois par an: le jour de la pleine lune de Caitra, le jour de l'anniversaire funèbre et le jour du solstice d'été, ce qui suit sera pris dans les magasins royaux:
29. Un vêtement tissé avec une bordure rouge, et six vêtements blancs; deux gobhikṣās, cinq palas de takka et autant de kṛṣṇā.
30. Un flambeau de cire de cinq palas, un autre d'un pala ; quatre prasthas de miel et trois de sésame.
31. Beurre fondu, un prastha; — médicament composé de poivre en poudre, de cumin et de Rottleria tinctoria, deux pādas de chaque substance; — muscade, trois pādas.
32. Résine d'assa fœtida, kotthajīrṇa, un pāda de chacun; — camphre, cinq bimbas; sucre, deux palas.
33. Animaux aquatiques appelés daňdaňsa, cinq âkhyâtas; — térébenthine, santal, coriandre, Anethum Sowa, un pala de chacun.
34. Cardamome, gingembre, kakola, origan, deux palas de chacun; — pracībala et graine de moutarde, deux prasthas.
35. Une poignée et demie de casse (?). Quarante [remèdes?] salutaires sont préparés. Curcuma aromatica de deux espèces, un pala et demi de chacune.
36. Kandan, halāy, jansyan, devadāru... préparé. Un pala et un quart…….. préparé.
37. Miel et gudda, trois kuḍuvas de chacun; — un prastha de sauvīranīra préparé.
38. Deux sacrificateurs et un astrologue, tous trois pieux, doivent être nommés par le supérieur du monastère royal.
39. Tous les ans, on fournira à chacun d'eux ce qui suit: trois manteaux de douze yugas el [trois] pièces d'étoffe de dix karas;
40. Quinze paires de vêtements de neuf hastas; trois vases d’étain de deux kaṭṭikas.
41. On doit aussi leur donner douze khārīs de paddy, trois palas de cire et de takka et six palas de poivre.
42. Bien que marchant en tête de la troupe des autres personnes d'élite, le roi se fait solliciteur en pensant aux besoins de ses sujets; bien plus, il supplie à toujours les charitables rois du Cambodge.
43. La bonne œuvre que j'ai faite, vous devez la préserver, car elle est vôtre aussi: le protecteur d'une œuvre pie reçoit une part éminente des fruits mérités par son auteur, disent les sages.
44. Le mandarin qui occupe le premier rang à la capitale doit être préposé ici. On ne doit pas envoyer ici de fonctionnaires pour exiger l'impôt ou d'autres prestations.
45. Même coupables de délits répétés, les habitants de ce lieu ne doivent pas être punis; mais il faut punir sans merci ceux qui se plaisent à faire du mal aux êtres vivants.
46. Plein d'une extrême sympathie pour le bien du monde, le roi, en outre, exprima ce vœu: Tous les êtres qui sont plongés dans l'océan des existences, puissé-je les en tirer par la vertu de cette bonne œuvre!
47. Puissent les rois du Cambodge, attachés au bien, qui protégeront ma fondation, atteindre, avec leur lignée, leurs femmes, leurs mandarins, leurs amis, le séjour de la délivrance, où il n'est plus de maladie!
48. Puissent-ils, avec les femmes célestes, qui suscitent le plaisir d'amour, qui abondent en voluptés divines, se jouer, revêtus d'un corps divin, à tous les points de l'espace, illuminant de leur éclat ………. ce mérite spirituel, qui est à moi.
2. Je m'incline devant le Jina Bhaiṣajyaguruvaiḍūryaprabharâja, qui donne la paix et la santé à ceux qui entendent seulement son nom.
3. Çrī Sūryavairocanacaṇḍarocis, Çrī Candravairocanarohiṇīça, qui tous deux écartent des créatures les ténèbres de la maladie, reconnaissent! a supériorité de ce Meru des saints.
4. Il était un roi, Çrī Jayavarmadeva, fils de Çrī Dharaṇīndravarmadeva, né d'une princesse de Jayâdityapura: il acquit la royauté par l'onde unique [que verse] le ciel Veda.
5. Ses pieds étaient une couronne de lotus sur la tète de tous les princes; il repoussait ses ennemis dans les combats; riche en joyaux, qui étaient des vertus, il prit pour femme la Terre et lui donna pour collier sa Gloire.
6. Augmentant avec une joie constante le flot des libéralités, riche d'une prospérité favorisée d'un succès toujours renouvelé, obscurcissant par des combats d'extermination l'éclat des ennemis des dieux, il était semblable à Kṛṣṇa, malgré la blancheur de son teint.
7. Après avoir vu la capricieuse Lakṣmī (la Fortune), que courtisent les rois, venir d'elle-même à lui, il réjouissait la volage Kīrti (la Gloire) à tous les points de l'espace : miraculeux éclat de son énergie!
8. Sentant à sa vue, — en dépit de leurs époux vaincus par sa majesté, — leur amour vaincu par sa grâce, oubliant leur chagrin, les femmes des ennemis captifs proclamaient, avec intention, leurs noms.
9. Le bien, principe de la vie, s'épuise, et le monde se meurt au dernier yuga: ainsi se mourait son peuple; mais, tel que Prajāpati au début des temps nouveaux, il créa une renaissance prospère, où le Taureau était complet.
10. Voyant que la terre, dont sa sagesse avait fait le ciel, était opprimée par la mort, il indiqua l'ambroisie des remèdes pour l'immortalité des mortels.
11. Faisant, par son adresse, de l’âge Kali l’âge Kṛta, il rendit l'intégrité de ses membres au Taureau, dont les médecins du royaume n'eussent pu guérir les pieds mutilés par trois yuga.
12. Victorieux du Taureau des autres rois, allant à sa fantaisie dans le parc univers, le Taureau, qu'il a rendu fort, prospère et pousse de profonds mugissements.
13. Il souffrait des maladies de ses sujets plus que des siennes : car c'est la douleur publique qui fait la douleur des rois, et non leur propre douleur.
14. Par des guerriers — les médecins — versés dans la science des armes —la médecine — il détruisait les ennemis qui infestaient son royaume — les maladies — au moyen de ces armes : les remèdes.
15. Excusant entièrement les fautes de tous par la faute du temps, il effarait les fautes des maladies.
16. Il érigea le Sugata Bhaiṣajya avec un hôpital à. l'entour et les deux Fils du Jina, pour le soulagement perpétuel des maladies de ses sujets.
17. Il établit ici cet hôpital avec un temple du Sugata et un Sugata Bhaiṣajya, par le cœur, lune, de son corps, ciel.
18. Il érigea de même ici ces deux guérisseurs des malades, les vénérables Sūrya- et Candravairocana etc., fils du Jina.
19. Les quatre castes peuvent être soignées ici. Il y a deux médecins ; pour chacun d'eux, un homme et deux femmes, ayant droit au logement.
20. Deux magasiniers chargés de la distribution des remèdes, recevant les mesures de riz et préposés à ceux qui y participent.
21. Deux cuisiniers, ayant droit au combustible et à l'eau, chargés d'enlever les fleurs et le gazon, et de nettoyer le temple.
22. Deux yajñahārin, chargés de faire les feuilles, de donner les feuilles et les baguettes, ayant droit aux remèdes et au combustible.
23. Quatorze gardiens de l'hôpital, chargés d'administrer les remèdes.
24. De ceux-ci, un homme...
25. Deux pileuses de riz ; au total, huit femmes, ayant droit au logement, à raison de deux par logis.
26. Le nombre total des assistants est donc de trente-deux et, en y ajoutant ceux qui se logent à leurs frais, de quatre-vingt-dix-huit.
27. Le riz faisant partie de l’oblation aux divinités [fixé à] un boisseau par jour [et] les reliefs des sacrifices seront donnés quotidiennement aux malades.
28. Trois fois par an: le jour de la pleine lune de Caitra, le jour de l'anniversaire funèbre et le jour du solstice d'été, ce qui suit sera pris dans les magasins royaux:
29. Un vêtement tissé avec une bordure rouge, et six vêtements blancs; deux gobhikṣās, cinq palas de takka et autant de kṛṣṇā.
30. Un flambeau de cire de cinq palas, un autre d'un pala ; quatre prasthas de miel et trois de sésame.
31. Beurre fondu, un prastha; — médicament composé de poivre en poudre, de cumin et de Rottleria tinctoria, deux pādas de chaque substance; — muscade, trois pādas.
32. Résine d'assa fœtida, kotthajīrṇa, un pāda de chacun; — camphre, cinq bimbas; sucre, deux palas.
33. Animaux aquatiques appelés daňdaňsa, cinq âkhyâtas; — térébenthine, santal, coriandre, Anethum Sowa, un pala de chacun.
34. Cardamome, gingembre, kakola, origan, deux palas de chacun; — pracībala et graine de moutarde, deux prasthas.
35. Une poignée et demie de casse (?). Quarante [remèdes?] salutaires sont préparés. Curcuma aromatica de deux espèces, un pala et demi de chacune.
36. Kandan, halāy, jansyan, devadāru... préparé. Un pala et un quart…….. préparé.
37. Miel et gudda, trois kuḍuvas de chacun; — un prastha de sauvīranīra préparé.
38. Deux sacrificateurs et un astrologue, tous trois pieux, doivent être nommés par le supérieur du monastère royal.
39. Tous les ans, on fournira à chacun d'eux ce qui suit: trois manteaux de douze yugas el [trois] pièces d'étoffe de dix karas;
40. Quinze paires de vêtements de neuf hastas; trois vases d’étain de deux kaṭṭikas.
41. On doit aussi leur donner douze khārīs de paddy, trois palas de cire et de takka et six palas de poivre.
42. Bien que marchant en tête de la troupe des autres personnes d'élite, le roi se fait solliciteur en pensant aux besoins de ses sujets; bien plus, il supplie à toujours les charitables rois du Cambodge.
43. La bonne œuvre que j'ai faite, vous devez la préserver, car elle est vôtre aussi: le protecteur d'une œuvre pie reçoit une part éminente des fruits mérités par son auteur, disent les sages.
44. Le mandarin qui occupe le premier rang à la capitale doit être préposé ici. On ne doit pas envoyer ici de fonctionnaires pour exiger l'impôt ou d'autres prestations.
45. Même coupables de délits répétés, les habitants de ce lieu ne doivent pas être punis; mais il faut punir sans merci ceux qui se plaisent à faire du mal aux êtres vivants.
46. Plein d'une extrême sympathie pour le bien du monde, le roi, en outre, exprima ce vœu: Tous les êtres qui sont plongés dans l'océan des existences, puissé-je les en tirer par la vertu de cette bonne œuvre!
47. Puissent les rois du Cambodge, attachés au bien, qui protégeront ma fondation, atteindre, avec leur lignée, leurs femmes, leurs mandarins, leurs amis, le séjour de la délivrance, où il n'est plus de maladie!
48. Puissent-ils, avec les femmes célestes, qui suscitent le plaisir d'amour, qui abondent en voluptés divines, se jouer, revêtus d'un corps divin, à tous les points de l'espace, illuminant de leur éclat ………. ce mérite spirituel, qui est à moi.
1. Salutation to Buddha! who has the bodies of the (magic) transformation, of the doctrine and of the enjoyment, and who is free from the duality of being and non-being, who (therefore) has non-duality as his nature, who (yet in reality) is non-self-natured.
2. I devote myself to the Conqueror Bhaiṣajya-guru-vaidūrya-prabha-rāja, by whom the peaceful cures are born for those who are just listening to his name.
3. Śrī Sūrya-vairocana, (like) the sun, Śrī Candra-vairocana, (like) the moon. These two (Bohisattvas), carring away the darkness of pain from the people, are victorious on the side of Mt. Meru of the great Sage.
4. There was a king (named) Śrī Jayavarmadeva, son of Śrī Dharaṇīndravarmadeva, born of queen of (the city) Jayādityapura. He has obtained the royalty in 1103 śaka (i.e. 1181 A. D).
5. Having the lotus at his feet which is the ornaments on the heads of all kings, he has brought together his enemy in the battle field. He, filled with jewels which are the real virtues, has taken possession of the female of the earth who bears his glory.
6. Making increased the flood of donation with constant joy, rich in favored prosperity of constant renewable power, being beloved (even) by the enemies of god who are afflicted by the competitions in sacrifice, he is like Kṛṣṇa in spite of his white color.
7. Having seen the inaccessible Fortune who was requested by kings and has come to (him) by herself, he has rejoiced the fickle Fame in (every) points (of the earth). O brilliant splendor of his faculties!
8. Seeing, as if becoming aware of, that, though their husbands are conquered
by his strength, the Love is conquered by his loveliness, having forgotten their grieves, the women of captured enemies have proclaimed that his own name is fitting its meaning.
9. When the span of life of merit has gone to destruction at the last world-age because it is perishable just as the people is mortal, he, like the Creator at the initial world-age, has spread his superiority where the fulfilling of the bull was complete.
10. Having discerned that the earth which has been made heaven by his (supernatural) power is spoiled by the Death, he indicated the nectar of remedy in order to make mortal ones immortal.
11. As an accomplished one, he, having made the kali age the kṛta age, made the bull filled with the limbs who had broken feet incurable by the physicians of the (previous) kings because of the crime of the three world-ages.
12. Having conquered the bull of the other kings, going autonomously in the (entire) domain of the three worlds, he like a bull, which has been made magnificent, spreads over resounding firmly.
13. (Once) people have the disease of body, his (i.e. king's) disease of mind is more painful. For the suffering of people is the suffering of masters, not (only) the suffering of (people) themselves.
14. By the proficient heroes versed in medical and military sciences, he has destroyed the troublesome enemies, who had been tormenting his kingdom, through the weapon of medicine.
15. As he has encircled all around (with purifying) the faults of all his subjects, he has eradicated (with purifying) the faults of disease together with the fault of time.
16. He has built the (statue of) Bhaiṣajya-sugata with a hospital all around (his kingdom) together with two (statues of) sons of the Conqueror, in order to tranquillize eternally the disease of people.
17. He has built this hospital with a temple of Sugata and Bhaiṣajyasugata here in 1108 śaka (i.e. 1186 A.D.).
18. He also has established here two destroyers of disease for diseased ones, the venerable Sūrya- and Candra- vairocana etc., sons of the Conqueror
19a. Her four castes are (equally) treated medically.
42. Though he leads the bountiful group, the king has the nature of a petitioner with the thought produced by the benefit of his subjects, saying again and again "This man asks incessantly to the (future) charitable kings of Cambodia."
43. "This good (work) is accomplished by me, you should protect it, (because) it belongs to you. The protector (of good work) shares the eminent fruit of merit from one who has done it." It, indeed, said by sages.
44. A minister who has been placed at high rank in the capital should be appointed (to be in charge here). Here the laborers should not be urged to pay tax etc., nor to do (any) other (forced) labor.
45. Even those who have entered here and committed crimes repeatedly should not be punished. But those inhabitants who are pleased with doing harm to living creatures should be punished and should not be forgiven.
46. The king, moreover, with extreme strong compassion to benefit the world, declared this vow. "May I rescue all the mankind who have sunk in the ocean of existence through this good (work)!"
47. "May the (future) Cambodian kings who are attached to merit and are protectors of my foundation, obtain, with their lineages, wives, ministers and friends, the city of emancipation where there is no illness!"
48. "May they, having divine bodies, play in heaven with various celestial women, who have produced pleasures and are abundant in celestial enjoyments,…….they flaming the sons of Diti and Danu by their glows,..… they, having brought an immovable stability incessantly on all sides through this protection, will in their journey to heaven take refuge in this merit of mine which tears evil."
2. I devote myself to the Conqueror Bhaiṣajya-guru-vaidūrya-prabha-rāja, by whom the peaceful cures are born for those who are just listening to his name.
3. Śrī Sūrya-vairocana, (like) the sun, Śrī Candra-vairocana, (like) the moon. These two (Bohisattvas), carring away the darkness of pain from the people, are victorious on the side of Mt. Meru of the great Sage.
4. There was a king (named) Śrī Jayavarmadeva, son of Śrī Dharaṇīndravarmadeva, born of queen of (the city) Jayādityapura. He has obtained the royalty in 1103 śaka (i.e. 1181 A. D).
5. Having the lotus at his feet which is the ornaments on the heads of all kings, he has brought together his enemy in the battle field. He, filled with jewels which are the real virtues, has taken possession of the female of the earth who bears his glory.
6. Making increased the flood of donation with constant joy, rich in favored prosperity of constant renewable power, being beloved (even) by the enemies of god who are afflicted by the competitions in sacrifice, he is like Kṛṣṇa in spite of his white color.
7. Having seen the inaccessible Fortune who was requested by kings and has come to (him) by herself, he has rejoiced the fickle Fame in (every) points (of the earth). O brilliant splendor of his faculties!
8. Seeing, as if becoming aware of, that, though their husbands are conquered
by his strength, the Love is conquered by his loveliness, having forgotten their grieves, the women of captured enemies have proclaimed that his own name is fitting its meaning.
9. When the span of life of merit has gone to destruction at the last world-age because it is perishable just as the people is mortal, he, like the Creator at the initial world-age, has spread his superiority where the fulfilling of the bull was complete.
10. Having discerned that the earth which has been made heaven by his (supernatural) power is spoiled by the Death, he indicated the nectar of remedy in order to make mortal ones immortal.
11. As an accomplished one, he, having made the kali age the kṛta age, made the bull filled with the limbs who had broken feet incurable by the physicians of the (previous) kings because of the crime of the three world-ages.
12. Having conquered the bull of the other kings, going autonomously in the (entire) domain of the three worlds, he like a bull, which has been made magnificent, spreads over resounding firmly.
13. (Once) people have the disease of body, his (i.e. king's) disease of mind is more painful. For the suffering of people is the suffering of masters, not (only) the suffering of (people) themselves.
14. By the proficient heroes versed in medical and military sciences, he has destroyed the troublesome enemies, who had been tormenting his kingdom, through the weapon of medicine.
15. As he has encircled all around (with purifying) the faults of all his subjects, he has eradicated (with purifying) the faults of disease together with the fault of time.
16. He has built the (statue of) Bhaiṣajya-sugata with a hospital all around (his kingdom) together with two (statues of) sons of the Conqueror, in order to tranquillize eternally the disease of people.
17. He has built this hospital with a temple of Sugata and Bhaiṣajyasugata here in 1108 śaka (i.e. 1186 A.D.).
18. He also has established here two destroyers of disease for diseased ones, the venerable Sūrya- and Candra- vairocana etc., sons of the Conqueror
19a. Her four castes are (equally) treated medically.
42. Though he leads the bountiful group, the king has the nature of a petitioner with the thought produced by the benefit of his subjects, saying again and again "This man asks incessantly to the (future) charitable kings of Cambodia."
43. "This good (work) is accomplished by me, you should protect it, (because) it belongs to you. The protector (of good work) shares the eminent fruit of merit from one who has done it." It, indeed, said by sages.
44. A minister who has been placed at high rank in the capital should be appointed (to be in charge here). Here the laborers should not be urged to pay tax etc., nor to do (any) other (forced) labor.
45. Even those who have entered here and committed crimes repeatedly should not be punished. But those inhabitants who are pleased with doing harm to living creatures should be punished and should not be forgiven.
46. The king, moreover, with extreme strong compassion to benefit the world, declared this vow. "May I rescue all the mankind who have sunk in the ocean of existence through this good (work)!"
47. "May the (future) Cambodian kings who are attached to merit and are protectors of my foundation, obtain, with their lineages, wives, ministers and friends, the city of emancipation where there is no illness!"
48. "May they, having divine bodies, play in heaven with various celestial women, who have produced pleasures and are abundant in celestial enjoyments,…….they flaming the sons of Diti and Danu by their glows,..… they, having brought an immovable stability incessantly on all sides through this protection, will in their journey to heaven take refuge in this merit of mine which tears evil."